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What HVAC Energy-Efficiency Ratings Mean

Are you researching the efficiency ratings of new air conditioning and furnace systems? Perhaps you’re just curious to understand the rating on your existing HVAC equipment. Regardless, you can find the efficiency rating and estimated yearly operating costs by reading the yellow Energy Guide label on the side of the unit. We’d like to share some details about the various ratings you might read and what they mean.

What Is a SEER Rating?

SEER is short for Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio, a rating of air conditioning efficiency. The SEER rating represents the cooling output of an air conditioning unit over a full cooling season, divided by the amount of energy utilized within that time frame. A higher SEER rating indicates considerably better energy efficiency and lower energy bills.

As of 2023, the minimum SEER rating for new air conditioners is 14 SEER in the northern U.S. and 15 SEER in the southern U.S. This is an increase from the previous minimum requirement of 13 SEER in the north and 14 SEER in the south, that was in effect from 2015 to 2022. This change demonstrates the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) persistent efforts to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.

These days, top-quality air conditioners boast ratings of 26 SEER or higher, providing fantastic energy savings. Unfortunately, exceptional SEER ratings typically come with a higher up-front cost. This simply means you should consider both the initial expense and the potential for ongoing savings when selecting a new air conditioning unit.

What Is an EER Rating?

Even though SEER ratings are more well-known, AC systems have a different efficiency measurement you should be aware of. It’s called EER, and it stands for Energy Efficiency Ratio. This indicates the performance of an AC unit under specific operating situations. The EER rating enables you to understand whether the system will support the demand on the hottest summer days.

Currently, only the southwest section of the country has a minimum EER rating of 12.2 EER for residential central air conditioners. Maximum ratings top out at about 14 EER. Consider that SEER and EER for the most part correspond, with higher ratings indicating stronger overall performance.

What Is an HSPF Rating?

Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) ratings are measurements of the energy efficiency of air-source heat pumps while in heating mode. HSPF is a percentage of the total heat output in British Thermal Units (BTUs) during the heating season to the amount of electricity used in watt-hours. A higher HSPF rating suggests a more efficient heat pump.

The minimum HSPF rating for new heat pumps is 8.8 HSPF, an improvement from the prior minimum of 8.2 HSPF. By requiring higher minimum HSPF ratings, the DOE hopes to encourage the use of more energy-efficient heating systems in homes and businesses across the U.S. You can always settle for the minimum, but it’s a good idea to get a high-end heat pump with a rating of 13 HSPF or higher for the optimum performance.

What Is an AFUE Rating?

Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) ratings are an alternative measure of heating system efficiency, but they only relate to furnaces and boilers. AFUE is a percentage of the annual heat output to the fuel consumed during that period. The higher the AFUE rating, the more efficient the heating unit(s).

In 2023, the minimum AFUE rating for new gas furnaces changed to 81. Previously, the south and southwest had a minimum of 80 AFUE, and the northern states required ratings of 90 AFUE or higher. Although there are no laws demanding that you install a system with ratings above the minimum, you’ll spend less on your utility bills by choosing a furnace rated 95 AFUE or higher.

What Is an ENERGY STAR® Rating?

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) created the ENERGY STAR program in 1992 to help homeowners and businesses discover the most energy-efficient products available. HVAC equipment, appliances, water heaters, light fixtures, office equipment, electronics and building products that achieve or exceed superior efficiency standards can earn ENERGY STAR certification.

ENERGY STAR-rated products perform well above the minimum requirements to save energy and decrease emissions without limiting performance or features. You might also look for the ENERGY STAR Most Efficient designation, which identifies the best performers in energy efficiency and innovation. The EPA is actually revising the qualification requirements in light of the new minimum HVAC efficiency standards.

Install an Efficient HVAC System

For help identifying which HVAC energy-efficiency rating is right for your budget, look to Service Experts Heating & Air Conditioning. We can review your circumstances and aid you in making an informed purchase. We have a wide range of products from today’s most reliable brands, all of which meet or surpass the minimum efficiency requirements for 2023. We’re so convinced that you’ll be delighted with our services that we offer a 100% satisfaction guarantee! To learn more or to schedule a complimentary HVAC installation quote, please contact a Service Experts office near you.

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